By state

Your rights vary by state.

States have their own appeal windows, external review programs, and consumer protections layered on top of federal law. Here's what we know for the states we currently work in.

CA

California

California has some of the strongest patient appeal rights in the country, administered jointly by the Department of Managed Health Care (DMHC) and the California Department of Insurance (CDI).

CA appeal rights
TX

Texas

Texas administers appeals through the Texas Department of Insurance (TDI) for most commercial plans, with separate routes for ERISA self-funded employer plans.

TX appeal rights
FL

Florida

Florida's appeal landscape is governed by the Office of Insurance Regulation (OIR) for commercial insurance and the Agency for Health Care Administration (AHCA) for managed-care issues.

FL appeal rights
NY

New York

New York has strong consumer protections administered by the Department of Financial Services (DFS), including a robust external appeal program.

NY appeal rights
AL

Alabama

Alabama administers commercial appeals through the Alabama Department of Insurance and follows the federal ACA framework for external review.

AL appeal rights
AK

Alaska

Alaska's Division of Insurance regulates commercial appeals and oversees a state external-review process for ACA-compliant plans.

AK appeal rights
AZ

Arizona

The Arizona Department of Insurance and Financial Institutions oversees state-regulated commercial appeals and administers a state external-review program.

AZ appeal rights
AR

Arkansas

The Arkansas Insurance Department regulates state-licensed commercial plans and administers external review under state law.

AR appeal rights
CO

Colorado

The Colorado Division of Insurance enforces strong patient-protection rules, including network-adequacy standards and a state external-review process.

CO appeal rights
CT

Connecticut

Connecticut's Insurance Department oversees a robust state external-review program and active consumer assistance through the Office of the Healthcare Advocate (OHA).

CT appeal rights
DE

Delaware

The Delaware Department of Insurance regulates state-licensed commercial plans and administers external review under Delaware law.

DE appeal rights
DC

District of Columbia

The DC Department of Insurance, Securities and Banking (DISB) regulates DC-licensed commercial plans and administers external review for residents.

DC appeal rights
GA

Georgia

The Georgia Office of Insurance and Safety Fire Commissioner oversees state-licensed commercial appeals and administers external review.

GA appeal rights
HI

Hawaii

The Hawaii Insurance Division regulates state-licensed commercial plans and oversees external review. Hawaii's Prepaid Health Care Act adds employer-based coverage protections.

HI appeal rights
ID

Idaho

The Idaho Department of Insurance regulates state-licensed commercial plans and administers external review for residents.

ID appeal rights
IL

Illinois

The Illinois Department of Insurance regulates state-licensed commercial appeals; Illinois has expansive mental health parity enforcement under state law.

IL appeal rights
IN

Indiana

The Indiana Department of Insurance regulates state-licensed commercial plans and administers external review under state law.

IN appeal rights
IA

Iowa

The Iowa Insurance Division regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and administers external review.

IA appeal rights
KS

Kansas

The Kansas Insurance Department regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and oversees external review for residents.

KS appeal rights
KY

Kentucky

The Kentucky Department of Insurance regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and administers an external review program.

KY appeal rights
LA

Louisiana

The Louisiana Department of Insurance regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and oversees external review for residents.

LA appeal rights
ME

Maine

The Maine Bureau of Insurance regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and administers an active external review program with strong consumer protections.

ME appeal rights
MD

Maryland

The Maryland Insurance Administration regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and operates a robust state external-review program.

MD appeal rights
MA

Massachusetts

The Massachusetts Division of Insurance and the Office of Patient Protection (OPP) at the Health Policy Commission jointly oversee appeal rights; OPP administers external review.

MA appeal rights
MI

Michigan

The Michigan Department of Insurance and Financial Services (DIFS) regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and administers external review through the Patient's Right to Independent Review Act (PRIRA).

MI appeal rights
MN

Minnesota

The Minnesota Department of Commerce regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and oversees external review under state law.

MN appeal rights
MS

Mississippi

The Mississippi Insurance Department regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and administers external review for residents.

MS appeal rights
MO

Missouri

The Missouri Department of Commerce and Insurance regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and administers external review under state law.

MO appeal rights
MT

Montana

The Montana Commissioner of Securities and Insurance regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and administers external review for residents.

MT appeal rights
NE

Nebraska

The Nebraska Department of Insurance regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and oversees external review.

NE appeal rights
NV

Nevada

The Nevada Division of Insurance regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and administers external review under state law.

NV appeal rights
NH

New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Insurance Department regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and operates an external review program with strong consumer protections.

NH appeal rights
NJ

New Jersey

The New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance regulates state-licensed commercial appeals; New Jersey's Independent Health Care Appeals Program (IHCAP) is administered through state-certified IROs.

NJ appeal rights
NM

New Mexico

The New Mexico Office of Superintendent of Insurance (OSI) regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and administers external review.

NM appeal rights
NC

North Carolina

The North Carolina Department of Insurance regulates state-licensed commercial appeals; the Smart NC program offers free consumer assistance for appeals.

NC appeal rights
ND

North Dakota

The North Dakota Insurance Department regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and oversees external review for residents.

ND appeal rights
OH

Ohio

The Ohio Department of Insurance regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and administers external review under state law.

OH appeal rights
OK

Oklahoma

The Oklahoma Insurance Department regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and oversees external review for residents.

OK appeal rights
OR

Oregon

The Oregon Division of Financial Regulation regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and oversees an active external review program.

OR appeal rights
PA

Pennsylvania

The Pennsylvania Insurance Department regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and operates an external review program under Act 146 of 2020.

PA appeal rights
RI

Rhode Island

The Rhode Island Department of Business Regulation, Insurance Division regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and oversees external review.

RI appeal rights
SC

South Carolina

The South Carolina Department of Insurance regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and oversees external review for residents.

SC appeal rights
SD

South Dakota

The South Dakota Division of Insurance regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and administers external review for residents.

SD appeal rights
TN

Tennessee

The Tennessee Department of Commerce and Insurance regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and administers external review under state law.

TN appeal rights
UT

Utah

The Utah Insurance Department regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and administers external review for residents.

UT appeal rights
VT

Vermont

The Vermont Department of Financial Regulation, Insurance Division regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and oversees an external review program with strong consumer protections.

VT appeal rights
VA

Virginia

The Virginia State Corporation Commission's Bureau of Insurance regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and administers external review.

VA appeal rights
WA

Washington

The Washington Office of the Insurance Commissioner (OIC) regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and operates an active external review program with broad consumer protections.

WA appeal rights
WV

West Virginia

The West Virginia Offices of the Insurance Commissioner regulate state-licensed commercial appeals and administer external review.

WV appeal rights
WI

Wisconsin

The Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance (OCI) regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and oversees external review.

WI appeal rights
WY

Wyoming

The Wyoming Department of Insurance regulates state-licensed commercial appeals and oversees external review for residents.

WY appeal rights

More states added regularly. Don't see yours? Start Your Appeal and we'll work it under the relevant rules.

Start Free Case Review